Min. Order: | 1 Kilometer |
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Trade Term: | FOB |
Payment Terms: | D/A, T/T, WU |
Supply Ability: | 10000T |
Place of Origin: | Tianjin |
Location: | Tianjin, China (Mainland) |
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Business Type: | Manufacturer, Trading Company |
Main Products: | Stainless Steel |
Model No.: | 201 |
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Means of Transport: | Ocean, Air |
Production Capacity: | 10000T |
Delivery Date: | 15days |
Stainless Steel |
Grade DescriptionSummary |
Introduction |
All standard grades of stainless steel containiron, carbon and a minimum of 11.5% chromium, the element responsible for the inherent corrosionresistance of the alloy. All stainless steels resist corrosion, although the degree of resistanceto attack by many common chemicals, food products and other materials is variable. Toenhance or supplement the effect of chromium, other alloying elements are added to straight chromiumstainless steels as follows: |
1. |
Nickel— to stabilize the austenitic structure, improveforming properties, increase ductility, high temperature strength and corrosionresistance (particularly in industrial and marine atmospheres, chemical, food and textileprocessing industries). |
Silicon— to increase scaling resistance and resist carburizingat high temperatures. |
Manganese— to improve hot-working properties, increaseyield and tensile strengths (above 2%), partially replace nickel and stabilizethe austenitic structure. |
Molybdenum— to increase corrosion resistance (particularlyin sulfite, sulfate, acetic acid and acetate solutions and salt water atmosphere),increase creep resistance, increase strength at elevated temperatures,expand range of passivity and counteract tendency to pit. |
Titanium, Columbium-Tantalum— to prevent intergranular corrosion by stabilizing the carbon as titanium or columbium carbidesinstead of chromium carbides, produce finer grain size, reduce stretcher strains fromdrawing and forming in Type 430. |
Sulphur, Phosphorus and Selenium— to improve machinability. |
Additional Chromium— to increase scaling, wear and corrosion resistanceand increase tensile strength. |
2. |
3. |
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7. |
Austenitic Grades |
The 300 Series stainless steels are the mostimportant members of the Austenitic family and are the most widely used of stainless steels. TheAustenitic grades are non-magnetic* and hardenable only by cold working. |
* (Note: Austenitic stainless steels may becomeslightly magnetic after cold working.) |
Type 301 contains less chromium and nickel than 302 formore work hardening. |
Type 302 is the basic type of the 300 series, 18% chromium—8% nickel group. It is the renowned 18-8 Stainless and is the most widelyused of the chromium-nickel stainless and heat resisting steels. |
Type 303 contains added phosphorus and sulphur for bettermachining characteristics. Corrosion resistance is slightly less than 302/304. |
Type 303Se contains Se and P added to improve machinability. |
Type 304-304L chromium and nickel increased and carbon loweredto reduce carbide precipitation and increase corrosion resistance.Carbon is lowest in 304L for welding applications. |
Stainless Steel |
Grade DescriptionSummary |
Type 305 has increased nickel to lower work hardeningproperties. |
Type 309-309S have added chromium and nickel for more corrosionresistance and high temperature scaling resistance. 309S containsless carbon to minimize carbide precipitation. |
Type 310-310S have higher nickel content than 309-309S tofurther increase scaling resistance. 310S contains less carbon than 310 to minimizecarbide precipitation. |
Type 316-316L contain substantial molybdenum additions forimproved corrosion resistance (particularly pit-type corrosion), creep resistanceand high temperature strength. Carbon content 316L is low for welding purposes. |
Type 321 contains titanium to tie up the carbon and avoidchromium carbide precipitation in welding. |
Type 330 ultra high nickel content provides best corrosionresistance to most furnace atmospheres. This grade has low coefficientof expansion, excellent ductility and high strength. |
Type 347 – 348 have columbium-tantalum added to tie up thecarbon and avoid chromium carbide precipitation in welding. Use for temperaturesfrom 800to 1650 degrees F. |
Ferritic Grades |
Steels of the ferritic group, because of theirlow carbon (.08 to .20%) and high chromium contents, do not harden to any appreciable extentwhen quenched from high temperatures. They have a low coefficient of expansion and arehighly resistant to atmospheric oxidation and strongly oxidizing solutions. This group is adaptableto high temperature, chemical plant and outdoor applications. An outstanding example of thelatter is automotive trim. The ferritic grades are magnetic and non-hardenable. |
Type 405 contains 12% chromium with aluminum added toprevent hardening. |
Type 430 is the basic type in the ferritic group, possessinggood ductility and excellent resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Its scalingresistance is higher than 302 in intermittent service, somewhat lower in continuous use. |
Type 430F-430Se have sulphur and selenium (respectively) addedfor increased machinability. |
Type 442 has added chromium for improved resistance toscaling. |
Type 446 has still higher chromium content (27%) foradded scaling resistance and is highest of the standard straight chromium types. Alloyswith over 30% chromium become too brittle to process. |
Martensitic Grades |
The balance of the 400 series stainless steelsbelong to the Martensitic Group, are hardenable by heat treatment and are magnetic. Varieties suchas Types 403, 410, 420 and 440 find major applications as products that must resist atmosphericoxidation, mildly corrosive chemicals and wet or dry corrosion, such as in steam and gasturbine parts, bearings and cutlery. |
Stainless Steel |
Grade DescriptionSummary |
Type 410 is the basic Martensitic type. It is the generalpurpose corrosion and heat resisting chromium stainless steel. It can be hardenedby thermal treatment to a wide range of mechanical properties. It can be annealed soft for colddrawing and forming. This grade is always magnetic. |
Type 403 is a special high quality steel made for bladesand buckets for steam turbine and jet engine compressors. This grade is eminentlysuited for very highly stressed parts. This material is magnetic in all conditions. |
Type 416-416Se are modifications of Type 410, being the free-machining,non-seizing, non- galling alloys. These properties are obtainedby the addition of sulphur or selenium to Type 410. This is a heat-treatable grade with corrosionresistance and other characteristics closely approaching those of Type 410. |
Type 420 is a chromium stainless steel capable of heattreatment to a maximum hardness of approximately 500 Brinell. It has a maximumcorrosion resistance only in the fully hardened condition. Type 420 is magnetic in all conditions. |
Type 431 is a nickel bearing (1.25-2.00%) chromium stainlesssteel which may be heat treated to high mechanical properties. It is magneticin all conditions of use. It has superior corrosion resistance to Types 410, 416, 420, 430 and 440stainless steels. |
Type 440C is the stainless steel that can be heat treatedto the highest hardness of any of the corrosion resistant steels. Its best corrosionresisting properties are obtained when it is in the fully hardened condition. It is recommendedwhere high hardness, wear and corrosion resistance are paramount. This type is magnetic in allconditions. |
"SM"Stainless Steels |
"Sm"means Super Machinability. When you see"SM"used in conjunction with a standard type number, such as 304SM, it means that the machinabilityof this J&L Stainless Steel is maximum for its type. The same holds true for 303SM,316 SM, 416SM and any other grade bearing this designation. |
All metal machinists are familiar with the usualwide variation in the machinability of each type of carbon, alloy or stainless steel ranging frompoor to excellent for the specific grade involved. Since there must be a reason for everything,including better machinability, J&L metallurgists proceeded to find it and now makes stainlessthat way, hence " .SM" |